Phloem


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Phloem

Phloem: Phloem too is a complex tissue made up of four types of cells, or elements— sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibres and phloem parenchyma. It is not necessary for the phloem to contain all four types of cells. Phloem cells are living cells (except phloem fibres) which help transport food from leaves to the storage organs and growing regions of the plant.

  • Sieve tubes are a collection of thin-walled elongated cells placed end to end to form slender, tubular structures. The walls between the cells have pores, much like a sieve, and are called sieve plates. That is how the cytoplasm of the cells is continuous, passing through the pores from one cell to the next. In the same way food is transported through these tubes. The cells, or elements as they are called, do not have nuclei.
  • Companion cells generally occur with sieve tubes and are connected to them through pores. These are small cells with dense cytoplasm and a large, elongated nucleus. These cells are not present in all plants. For instance, ferns and pines do not have them.
  • Phloem fibres are dead sclerenchyma cells. All plants do not have them.
  • Phloem parenchyma cells also form a part of the phloem. When present, they store food and help to conduct it.
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    Sample Questions
    (More Questions for each concept available in Login)
    Question : 1

    Which of the following constituents is not found in the phloem?

    Right Option : B
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    Explanation
    Question : 2

    What is the collection of "tube" cells that transport food through all vascular plants ?

    Right Option : C
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    Explanation
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